which of the following statements is true about correctional officers? which of the following statements is true about correctional officers?

Board of Governors and Delegates Assembly 1994. Depending on the nature of the complaint, investigations can be criminal (if the officer broke the law or violated an individual's rights), administrative (if the officer violated department policy), or both. In one instance, a single case of tuberculosis rapidly spread among the inmates living with HIV in one facility and ultimately 31 individuals developed tuberculosis. A correctional officer who provides commodities to the inmate population is a called a ________. These data are from correctional facilities in 59 CDC-funded Health Department jurisdictions. [7] The relatively high HIV seropositivity rates among incarcerated women has been associated with higher rates of specific HIV risk factors, including past sexual abuse, exchange of sex for drugs or money, multiple sex partners, low rates of condom use, and injection drug use. 1 Answer/Comment. [4] Among all persons in prisons, the state prisons account for nearly 90% of those in prison and the majority are males (Figure 6). Cognitive Psychology - Memory. The first historical phase of prison discipline, involving soiltary confinement in silence instead of corporal punishment was called the ____________. It is easy to state that one should not engage in sexual encounters, but it is harder to discuss and identify feelings that develop in correctional settings, such as transference and counter-transference feelings in a therapeutic relationship. your answer. The conditional release of a prisoner, prior to completion of the imposed sentenced, under the supervision of the stateis called________. Which of the following is NOT a civil right commonly forfeited by convicted felons? When the court has two separate hearings for different issues in a trial, one for guilt and the other for punishment, it is called a? [9,22,23] A large meta-analysis estimated the incidence of transmission of viral infections within prisons and found rates of 0.08 per 100 person-years with HIV. The buyer has always had more power than the seller. Find state Departments of Corrections for information about state and local prisons and prisoners held in these facilities. Serious crime in the United States continues to go down but the prison poplation continues to go up. Which of the following is usually not a characteristic of women's prisons? Q. The Supreme Court ruled in__________that it was unconstitutional and a violation of the Eighth Amendment's ban on cruel and unusual punishment to execute people for crimes that were committed before turning age 18. If you want to skip this dialog please Always allow popup windows for the online course. Prisonization is the process by which new inmates learn about the prison subculture. Members shall respect and protect the civil and legal rights of all individuals. Mandatory release is similar to ________ in that persons let out under either arrangement ordinarily receive a period of community supervision. You seem to have a popup blocker enabled. Question: Which of the following statements is true? Cultural restrictions on behavior that forbid serious violations of group's values---such as murder, rape and robbery are called? In a study of CDC-funded HIV tests conducted in adult correctional facilities the percentage of persons newly diagnosed with HIV who were linked to HIV medical care within 90 days improved from 37.8% in 2009 to 67.5% in 2013 (Figure 14).[38]. Many states have resource manuals listing HIV care providers. Can inflation occur after an increase in the quantity of goods and services? Inmates who adopt the ________ lifestyle are primarily concerned with getting out of prison as soon as possible and avoiding hard time in the process. In 1840, British Navy Captain ____________ was appointed superintendent of Norfolk Island. Which of the following is NOT one of those ways? Within a correctional facility, the health and safety considerations for an inmate may take priority over the right to confidentiality, but some have interpreted this to mean that all officers should know the HIV status of individuals who are incarcerated. The typical offender has been convicted of? Approximately_________of women were under the influence of alcohol or drugs at the time of their arrest. April 26, 2018. [44,45] In Connecticut, psychiatric disorders were common in the HIV-seropositive prisoner cohort and 45.6% were taking either antidepressants or antipsychotic medications. Psychologists, psychiatrists, medical doctors, nurses, teachers and others who contract with the institution to provide services are called___________. Branding has been in use as a punishment since at least Roman times. Which of the following statements is true? Racism Identify the standard-setting professional associations in the field of corrections that have developed models of professionalism.The American Probation and Parole Association The American Jail Association The American Correctional Association Identify an accurate statement about education as a component of trueprofessionalism in Crime in the United States has continued to increase over the last decade despite our best efforts to control it. Which of the following is sacrificed so that prisons and jails can continue to operate in an efficient manner given the budget cutbacks? Revocation hearings usually begin with a violation report prepared by the probation officer. __ A case that involves one person who has a dispute with another person or entity. Officers who control the keys and weapons and sometimes oversee visitation are called ___________. The beliefs, values and behaviors of staff that differ greatly from those of the inmates are called____________. Officers enforce regulations through effective communication and the use of progressive sanctions, which involve punishments, such as loss of privileges. Living in prison is fundamentally different from living in the free community in several ways. A person appointed by the juvenile court to serve as a special guardian for the youth being processed through thejuvenile justice system is called a? A crime punishable by death or by incarceration in a prison facility for a year or more is called a? The contents are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily represent the official views of, nor an endorsement, by HRSA, HHS, or the U.S. Government. The ________ is a theory that states that the inmate society arises as a response to the prison environment and the painful conditions of confinement. While blacks account for 12% of the U.S. population they account for _____ of the correctional workforce. The religious group________sometimes burned witches and unruly slaves; made wide use of the stocks, the pillory and ducking stool; branded criminal offenders; and forced women convicted of adultery to wear "scarlet letters". Diversion has its roots in ________theory. The author of On Crimes and Punishments was? In the past, sellers had more power than buyers, but now buyers have more power than sellers. Emergency release options for special docket offenders, generally used to relieve prison overcrowding are called? The parole concept has its roots in an 18th century English penal practice of __________. Wardens, superintendents, assistant superintendents and others charged with running the institution and its programs are called__________. The majority of inmates in the Federal Bureau of Prisons have been convicted of _____. Contact your local or state health department for assistance with locating providers who are willing to accept uninsured persons. Some terms may not be used. In general, people sentenced to jail have a sentence of? What is the reason why the Eighth Amendment has done little to protect inmates from staff brutality? The _______ likes to give orders and seems to enjoy the feeling of power that comes from ordering inmates around. [38] The CDC has released a comprehensive document to guide the implementation of opt-out HIV testing in the correctional setting. The nation's best-known prison hospice program is the one at? [1], At any point in time, about twice as many persons are incarcerated in prisons in the United States than in jails (Figure 1), but over the course of a year the number of individuals incarcerated in the jail system far exceeds those incarcerated in prisons (Figure 2); this difference over a year results from the low turnover rates in prisons (longer stays and infrequent releases) versus high turnover rates in jails (shorter stays and frequent releases). The term Lex Talionis means "Let the punishment be just". Which of the following statements is true? The _________ would be most involved in encouraging prisoners to participate in educational, vocational and treatment programs. The tension between prison staff members and inmates that arises out of the correctional setting is called____________. [20] Adequate discharge planning and linkage to community medical care upon release often fall short of practices recommended by the CDC and only 30% of individuals are retained in HIV medical care after 6 months in the community. Treatment by experts in HIV medicine is strongly correlated with better medical outcomes, so one solution to the knowledge gap has been to introduce HIV subspecialty care to the prison setting through telemedicine. In 2014, the mean annual wage for state correctional officers was ________. If you're the victim of cyberbullying behavior, besides contacting your teacher or the school, Learning Resource Center can you go to find information. The United States correctional system consists of local and tribal jails, state prisons, federal prisons, military and immigration facilities, and community correctional facilities, which includes probation and parole programs. The correctional officer that believes that close association with inmates will make it easier to control the inmates is called a ___________. The earliest date on which an inmate might be paroled is called his _____________. [7] Epidemiologic surveys indicate the prevalence of HIV in 2015 was approximately 1.3% among inmates in correctional facilities, which is markedly higher than the 0.3 to 0.4% HIV prevalence in the general United States population. Majors, captains and correctional officers charged with maintaining order and security are called_____________. Reward power. The case of Gates v. Rowland dealt with the issue of? The key to curbing recidivism of people who are mentally ill is to expand_______________into jails and prisons so that inmates can begin therapy the moment they walk into custody? Referral to an HIV provider or specialist depending on the HIV medical providers experience, the stage of HIV, and complexity of medical issues. [11] Incarcerated women with HIV have an even higher prevalence of psychiatric disorders than their male counterparts. Personalism & Modern Psychology Plato's Meno, Elliot Aronson, Robin M. Akert, Samuel R. Sommers, Timothy D. Wilson, Operations Management: Sustainability and Supply Chain Management, Anderson's Business Law and the Legal Environment, Comprehensive Volume, David Twomey, Marianne Jennings, Stephanie Greene, Service Management: Operations, Strategy, and Information Technology, Electoral Process and Propaganda Techniques Q. 120 seconds. poor, a high school dropout, unmarried, with children. True or False? The case of Cruz v. Beto established the right of prisoners to have visits. Further, efforts to cohort HIV-seropositive inmates also have in some cases led to adverse health outcomes, due to close proximity of multiple persons with immune suppression. In the case ofWolff v. McDonnell(1974), the Supreme Court ruled that inmates facing a loss of good time for a rule infraction are entitled to certain due process protections. Psychology - What is Psychology? The HIV Care Cascade Before, During, and After Incarceration: A Systematic Review and Data Synthesis. Cognitive Psychology Overview of Theory. Guidelines for correctional officers---e.g., always go to the aid of an officer in distress, don't "lug" drugs, don't rat on other officers---are all part of ______. D. Some officers adopt a human-services orientation toward their work. [17] Transgender women, in particular, have relatively higher rates of HIV and incarceration. ___________ officers are experienced correctional officers who know and can perform almost any custody role in the institution. Initially the value of exponential function increases slowly but increases faster later on. The ________ model holds that the inmate society is shaped by factors external to the prison environmentspecifically, the preprison experiences and socialization patterns that inmates bring with them when they enter prison. The power, right or authority of a court to interpret and apply the law is called? [19] Incarcerated Black men are at least twice as likely as incarcerated White men to have HIV. [29,30] Jails, prisons, and community corrections are important settings in which to test individuals for HIV, especially given that many persons involved with the criminal justice system may be hard to reach with routine community-based testing and incarcerated populations have a higher HIV prevalence than the general population. [7] An opt-in HIV testing approach is when the prisoner requests the test or the test is offered and performed only if the prisoner consents to the test. order, punishment, security, or rehabilitation. On June 19, 2002, the Supreme Court held in_______that the execution of the mentally retarded is cruel and unusual punishment prohibited by the Eighth Amendment. . Prevalence studies of incarcerated populations in the United States have found higher rates of multiple chronic medical conditions, including hypertension, cardiovascular disease, asthma, arthritis, and malignancies, when compared with the general population in the United States, even with adjustment for sociodemographic factors and alcohol consumption. What items most often assumes the symbolic value of money in the sub-rosa economy of a prison? The other major goal of probation and parole . Suicide is a threat to all persons involved in corrections. The idea that people are motivated by pleasure and pain and that the proper amount of punishment can deter crime is called? Many prison movies have been made in recent years. A previous judicial decision that judges should consider in deciding future cases is called? The numbers for each year represent a sample taken at one point in time during that year. B. If the defendant accepts a penalty without admitting guilt it is called? Option A is correct. A Latin term that refers to the state as guardian of minors and incompetent people is called? The Supreme Court has ruled that censorship in prisons is legal only if it furthers one of three substantial government interests. For more than 200 years, England practiced a form of criminal exile known as transportation. Custody is necessary before any other correctional activities, such as instruction or counseling, can be undertaken. The first legally chartered American custodial institution for juvenile offenders was? They are meant to help you stay on track throughout each lesson and check your understanding of key concepts. Which of the following Latin terms is defined as a court order requiring that a confined person be brought to court so that his or her claims can be heard? At times, obtaining a release of information from a patient to discuss their care with the community corrections officer or parole officer is an important step in coordinating medical care. When a juvenile court transfers jurisdiction of a case to an adult court it is called a? For persons with HIV, the community or parole officer can often play a key role in keeping an individual engaged in care. The United States Supreme Court awarded Gerald Gault all of the following rights except? The court held that a potential juror's mere reservation about the death penalty was insufficient grounds to prevent that person from serving on the jury in a death penalty case in? The usual strategy is to intentionally foul the other team's worst free-throw shooter. What is described as the secret exchange of goods and services among inmates? The scale developed from a risk-screening instrument used to predict parole outcome is the _________________. Officers who oversee the work of individual inmate work crews are called ____________. The use of an opt-out HIV testing approach increases the number of persons tested for HIV when compared with use of opt-in HIV testing approach. A. Tempo is the time that events last. As a rule, prison inmates are prohibited from practicing either conventional or unconventional religions in prison. Factors that, although not justifying or excusing action, may reduce the culpability of the offender are called? Depending on the jurisdiction, convicted felons lose a variety of civil rights. Alternatively, send information to the community provider after obtaining written consent for release ofinformation from the inmate. Those officers who supervise inmates in the prison athletic areas or recreational areas are called ___________. [4,5] According to the Bureau of Justice Statistics, at the end of 2016 the United States had approximately 2,162,400 adults in correctional facilities. In addition, this process is stigmatizing to the inmates with HIV and the cohorting process likely identifies them as a person with HIV. Upon [47] Financial barriers also prevent timely initiation or continuation of antiretroviral therapy in correctional settings. Since you've received 80% or better on this quiz, you may claim continuing education credit. If a prosecutor drops charges after filing them, it is called? [11,26] For some inmates with HIV, the correctional setting may be their first engagement in HIV care, and during incarceration substantial gains may be made along all steps in the HIV care cascade, including increasing the percentages of persons taking antiretroviral therapy and achieving virologic suppression. Some inmates with newly diagnosed HIV may require outside expert medical consultation. The inmates' perception that certain correctional officers have valuable skills gives rise to ___________. As of 2012, unions represented correctional officers in adult institutions in ________ states and the federal system. Calculate the probabilities for the center as shown in parts (a), (b), and (c ), and show that intentionally fouling the Portland Trail Blazers' center is a better strategy than intentionally fouling Jamal Crawford. Explain France transported many of its criminals to Devil's Island. They are judged frivolous and are lost in the trial stage. Provide the inmate with date, time, and location of first post-release appointment in writing. Time taken off an inmate's sentence for participating in certain activities such as going to school, learning a trade and working inprison is called _____________. Captain Maconochie would have preferred an _________ sentencing model. b. Match the terms with the definitions. Zebulon Brockway was the first superintendent of ____________. A person's race is a simple biological fact, and not a social construct. According to your authors, the Three-State Recidivism Study concluded? These data are for persons 18 years of age and older. They represent a minor percentage of staff members in prisons. Criminologists Richard Hawkins and Geoffrey Alpert identified four general ways in which correctional officers respond to their jobs. Typically, at any single point in time, the number of incarcerated adults housed in prisons is approximately twice those in jails. Alabama Alaska American Samoa Arizona Arkansas California Colorado Connecticut Delaware Show transcribed image text. , which are essentially the same thing, both having a notion that the consequence of the act is the most important . The first juvenile court established in 1899 in? The ___________ constantly finds problems with the way the institution is run or with existing policies and rules. The "Founder of Probation" is John Augustus. After the American Revolution, England sent its prisoners to Scotland. Source: Maruschak LM, Bronson J. HIV in Prisons, 2015Statistical Tables. [6] From 2007 through 2018, Black individualsconsistently had higher prison incarceration rates were consistently higher among persons who are Black than those who are White(Figure 7). A jury found Murdaugh guilty of murdering his wife and son. The period of Western social thought that began in the 17th century and lasted until the dawn of the 19th century is known as? All of these infection control strategies would also provide an opportunity to address prevention of infection with hepatitis C virus (HCV), which is important given that as many as 41% of inmates have chronic HCV. [31,32,33], Studies have shown that HIV testing within the structured environment of corrections is effective and feasible; the cost-effectiveness of testing incarcerated populations varies with the prevalence of undiagnosed HIV among inmates in any given testing area, but, overall, is on par with the cost of testing in the non-correctional setting. The CDC report on HIV Testing Implementation Guidance for Correctional Settings includes recommendations on linkage to appropriate medical care upon release from custody (Table 2). (1) (a) Every law enforcement agency and correctional agency shall establish and put into operation a system for the receipt, investigation, and determination of complaints received by such agency from any person, which shall be the procedure for investigating a complaint against a law enforcement and correctional officer and for determining Correctional officers dispense both formal and informal sanctions to induce cooperation among inmates. The process, however, remains slow and difficult, primarily because the necessary funding is simply not available. A. The resources provided will help give an overview of the problems surrounding correctional suicides and . True or False? The HIV care cascade model has been applied to the correctional system in order to identify disparities and improve performance at every stage along the HIV care continuum, from HIV diagnosis to linkage and retention in care to antiretroviral therapy and virologic suppression (Figure 15). Quiz Grade 2. [26,68] Multiple potential interventions can improve linkage to care, including HIV education during incarceration, careful discharge planning, securing stable housing, availability of transportation, employment opportunities, and care for substance use and mental health disorders. Barriers to successful antiretroviral therapy within the correctional setting include high rates of substance use and mental health disorders, lack of continuity of medical care, distrust of prison-based medical care, and concerns about confidentiality and safety. A punishment that is grossly disproportionate to the offense as well as those that transgress today's broad and idealistic concepts of dignity, civilized standards, humanity and decency is said to be? Assume the male role in a homosexual relationship. This is called__________. In the United States, the average ratio of correctional officers to inmates across all states in 2012 was _____. This is called__________. Explanation: As in years past, prison staffers are still most concerned with custody and control. In contrast, when analyzing by the prevalence rate of personswith HIV in state or federal prison, the HIV prevalence rate in women (range, 1.3-1.8%) was similar to the HIV prevalence rate in men (range, 1.3-1.4%) (Figure 11). [11] As a result of improvements in antiretroviral therapies over time, the number of AIDS-related deaths in corrections has plummeted since the mid-1990s, similar to the trend in the general population; in recent years, fewer than 75 AIDS-related deaths per year have occurred in prisons (Figure 16). [45,66] In a study that involved released prisoners in Texas, only 30% filled a prescription for antiretroviral therapy within 60 days of release. [50] In this setting, however, the use of universal precautions should negate the need for correctional staff outside of health services to know the HIV status of any individual patient. This graphic illustrates the concept that many more persons in the United States move through jails over time than in prisons. The term ________ is defined as the reduction of the original sentence given by executive authority, usually a state's governor. Easy Quiz 2. When an officer is using "persuasive diplomacy" it is called ___________. The mistreatment of Iraqi prisoners occurred at _________. What is defined as a constellation of values, norms, and roles that regulate the way inmates interact with one another and with prison staff? The country of_______was known for burning people alive. [21], Although consensual sex, rape, tattooing, and injection drug use occur within the correctional setting, available data suggest that most persons with HIV who are incarceratedacquired HIV prior to entering prison or, for those with multiple incarcerations, between periods of incarceration. c. The torture of Iraqi prisoners occurred under President__________. [6] In 2018, among the 1,414,162 persons in prisons, 33% (464,200) were Black and 23% (330,200) were Hispanic. Note: the numbers listed do not match the total listed since parolees who were also on probation were not included in the total listed. The process by which a court arrives at a final decision in a case is called? Acorrectional agency that has the authority to grant parole is a called a ________. In addition to charging inmates housing and medical co-pay fees as a way to offset jail operations, some jurisdictions have added pay-to-stay jails. An act that is a law violation only for juveniles but not for adults is referred to as a? Intermediate Sanctions are sometimes referred to as? answer choices.