He created the sovereign coin to spread the message that he was King. According to John M. Currin, the treaty redefined Anglo-Breton relations. [57], In 1506, Henry extorted the Treaty of Windsor from Philip the Handsome, Duke of Burgundy. Edward would have liked to rid himself of Henry, a rival to his throne, but Francis kept Henry safe. They were third cousins, as both were great-great-grandchildren of John of Gaunt. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). During his 23-year reign, Henry had only two Lord High Treasurers, and this continuity helped provide stability. Henry VII was king of England from 1485 to 1509. Henry VII is also known as Henry Tudor. After Edward retook the throne in 1471, Henry Tudor spent 14 years in exile in Brittany. Henry VII: The Winter King - Amazon Prime Video Backdating Henry's Reign. His first chance came in 1483 when his aid was sought to rally Lancastrians in support of the rebellion of Henry Stafford, duke of Buckingham, but that revolt was defeated before Henry could land in England. Until the death of his wife, the evidence is clear from these accounting books that Henry was a more doting father and husband than was widely known and there is evidence that his outwardly austere personality belied a devotion to his family. In 1621 Francis Bacon's history of. For Henry VII, it was all about the money and stability. Prince Arthur was born just eight months after his parents marriage, at Winchester, the seat of King Arthurs Camelot. Through luck, guile and ruthlessness, Henry VII, the first of the Tudor kings, had clambered to the top of the heap--a fugitive with a flimsy claim to England's throne. February 7 Sir Francis Bryan loses an eye and Henry VIII has a new love, An interview with historical novelist Sandra Byrd, Henry VIII and His Six Wives event open for registration. This entire review has been hidden because of spoilers. Henry's original head was cut out of the painting and replaced at some point after the work's creation. Watch Henry VII: The Winter King | Prime Video - amazon.com What freezings have I felt, what dark days seen! In my never-ending quest to read possibly every single published book on the Tudor monarchy, I spied this little gem a few weeks ago and picked it up. Before taking the throne, he was known as Henry Tudor, earl of Richmond. - and that was only about 50% of the book, it was only about 50% interesting to me. [72] Immediately afterwards, Henry became very sick and nearly died himself, allowing only his mother Margaret Beaufort near him: "privily departed to a solitary place, and would that no man should resort unto him. Henry VIII was spring and Henry VII was winter. Henry was a remarkable man. Some of it is due to his personality--he played his cards close to the vest, unlike his son--and some of it is due to Tudor spin--they were, after all trying to bolster up the royal credentials for a man who didn't have that many. Henry VIII | Biography, Wives, Religion, Death, & Facts [13] When Warwick restored Henry VI in 1470, Jasper Tudor returned from exile and brought Henry to court. If you are new the era, this wouldn't the first book I would pick up because it does flip flop around a bit in the beginning-but if you want to understand the players that ultimately have a significant impact on Henry VIII, this is the book for you. [23] After his coronation Henry issued an edict that any gentleman who swore fealty to him would, notwithstanding any previous attainder, be secure in his property and person. [28], Henry had Parliament repeal Titulus Regius, the statute that declared Edward IV's marriage invalid and his children illegitimate, thus legitimising his wife. Henry VII introduced stability to the financial administration of England by keeping the same financial advisors throughout his reign. Dydd Gyl Dewi Hapus! Stanley was accused of supporting Warbeck's cause, arrested and later executed. Henry VIII - Loss of popularity | Britannica - Encyclopedia Britannica [67], Henry made half-hearted plans to remarry and beget more heirs, but these never came to anything. [7] He came from an old, established Anglesey family that claimed descent from Cadwaladr, in legend, the last ancient British king,[8] and on occasion Henry displayed the red dragon of Cadwaladr. It was presented by historian Thomas Penn, author of Winter King and was an excellent examination of the King who, as Penn pointed out, tend to be eclipsed by Richard III, the glamour and notoriety of Henry VIII and the charisma of Elizabeth I. Author of, Assistant Master and Professor of History, Selwyn College, University of Cambridge. No. There he found more English fugitives, willing to invade England in support of Henry, and bearing news that Richard III had serious plans to marry the princess Elizabeth himself. Henry's mother, Margaret Beaufort, was a descendant of the Lancastrian branch of the House of Plantagenet. $14.97 1 Used from $14.96 3 New from $14.97. Elizabeth did get pregnant, but then went into premature labour. Two themes of his book preside: the permanent vulnerability of Henry's regime, and his ruthless methods of rule. [37], For most of Henry VII's reign Edward Story was Bishop of Chichester. Soon after his fathers burial on 10 May, Henry suddenly declared that he would indeed marry Catherine, leaving unresolved several issues concerning the papal dispensation and a missing part of the marriage portion. Well written and really interesting about an often ignored king. Elizabeth married Henry after his victory at the Battle of Bosworth Field, which marked the end of the Wars of the Roses. If you missed the programme then here is the YouTube video for you enjoy! Present were exiles from Richards court, friends of Edward IVths queen, but King Richard was able to bribe the ageing Duke of Brittany to relinquish Henry in return for funds to fight an increasingly hostile French king, whereupon Henry Tudor flew to the French court for sanctuary. His spies and informers were everywhere. Sometimes when reading nonfiction of this type, I never know if it is going to be dry and dull or not. He had unified the kingdom, accrued immense wealth and created the most notorious dynasty in English history: the Tudors. Henry the eighth was a renaissance King. Wolf Hall this is not. Inadvertently, he provoked a revolution. He was the last king of England to win . 'Meeting between Francis I and Henry VIII at the Field of Cloth of Gold on 7 June 1520,' a painting by Friedrich August Bouterwek. He spent most of the next 14 years under the protection of Francis II, Duke of Brittany. [74] Margaret Tudor wrote letters to her father declaring her homesickness, but Henry could do nothing but mourn the loss of his family and honour the terms of the peace treaty he had agreed to with the King of Scotland. We use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience on our website. Castles of . [70] Henry VII falls among the minority of British monarchs that never had any known mistresses, and for the times, it is very unusual that he did not remarry: his son Henry was the only male heir left after the death of his wife, thus the death of Arthur created a precarious political position for the House of Tudor. He was, said Penn, a man who never knew a moments peace during his reign. Having seen it pop up in a lot of papers' Books of the Year lists, I think I was expecting something altogether more gripping and dramatic, but in the end I thought the story of Henry VII and the Tudor succession was just not an especially thrilling tale. Why was Henry VII called the Winter King? (ROYAL HISTORY) Directors Stuart Elliott Genres Documentary, International Subtitles English [CC] Audio languages English. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. Henry VII ruled as Machiavelli, just after his reign, was to advise usurpers to do through fear rather than love. Henry then consolidated his reign with magnificent architecture, an opulent household and money. Fittingly he dressed in expensive black. From his victory over Richard III at the Battle of Bosworth, to his secret death and the succession of his son Henry VIII, the film reveals the ruthless tactics . Henry VII, also called (145785) Henry Tudor, earl of Richmond, (born January 28, 1457, Pembroke Castle, Pembrokeshire, Walesdied April 21, 1509, Richmond, Surrey, England), king of England (14851509), who succeeded in ending the Wars of the Roses between the houses of Lancaster and York and founded the Tudor dynasty. His father, Henry VII, was a cold, calculating man (he wasn't called "the Winter King" for nothing), a greedy monarch who during his last years on the throne had squeezed every last drop. Quite ambitious in nature, Thomas Penn attempts to write a portrait of Henry VII and his reign. Seriously, got nudged by my partner when I'd nodded off. Stanley placed Richards circlet on Henrys head, he was now King. The parts on how he abused his position and the law to enrich himself while an entire nation watched helplessly are, frankly, pretty relevant to now. Consultant editor for the. From his victory over Richard III at the Battle of Bosworth, to his secret death and the succession of his son Henry VIII, the film reveals the ruthless tactics . Before Henry VIII, English kings were addressed as "Your Grace" or "Your Highness.". The Lancastrian Henry and his Yorkist wife Elizabeth strove to reconcile the factions, but unreconciled Yorkists, to whom he was no more than a usurper, harassed his reign. It was the end of the union of Lancaster and York and many had only accepted Henry as King because of his wifes Yorkist roots, so Henry was once more on shaky ground with his old enemies resurfacing and raising armies. Shakespeare later turned to Henry's son and successor Henry VIII, whose rule brought marital sensation, renaissance spectacle and the reformation. Rarely was a father's reign so widely disparaged and disowned on the accession of the son. "[73] Further compounding Henry's distress, his older daughter Margaret had previously been betrothed to King James IV of Scotland and within months of her mother's death she had to be escorted to the border by her father: he would never see her again. It was 1501. In the late 20th century a model of European state formation was prominent in which Henry less resembles Louis and Ferdinand. By 1600 historians emphasised Henry's wisdom in drawing lessons in statecraft from other monarchs. Yet in the hands of a narrator as accomplished as Penn, the reign acquires its own, troubling fascination. [citation needed], By 1509, justices of the peace were key enforcers of law and order for Henry VII. enry VII can look a dull king, so dull that Thomas Penn's title omits his name. Henry restored power and stability to the English monarchy following the civil war. This revived an earlier practice of using a small (and trusted) group of the Privy Council as a personal or Prerogative Court, able to cut through the cumbersome legal system and act swiftly. He was the only child of Lady Margaret Beaufort and Edmund Tudor, 1st Earl of Richmond. This family took a dim view of Henry and it was John de la Pole, Earl of Lincoln, who instigated the first rebellion against him. I couldn't even stay awake reading this. I picked this audiobook up because it was narrated by Simon Vance. [citation needed], However, his principal weapon was the Court of Star Chamber. He was supported in this effort by his chancellor, Archbishop John Morton, whose "Morton's Fork" was a catch-22 method of ensuring that nobles paid increased taxes: those nobles who spent little must have saved much, and thus could afford the increased taxes; in contrast, those nobles who spent much obviously had the means to pay the increased taxes. The nobility was forced into bonds, legal agreements that they would act as the King wanted or be fined. Henry was also worried by the treason of Edmund de la Pole, earl of Suffolk, the eldest surviving son of Edward IVs sister Elizabeth, who fled to the Netherlands (1499) and was supported by Maximilian. [citation needed], In 1502, Henry VII's life took a difficult and personal turn in which many people he was close to died in quick succession. By this marriage, Henry VII hoped to break the Auld Alliance between Scotland and France. His regime was magnificent, yet terrifying and oppressive. Penn graphically describes a huge financial racket run by the king and his profiteering advisers. Henry VII was succeeded by his second son, Henry VIII. All the powers of Europe doubted Henrys ability to survive, and most were willing to shelter claimants against him. Famed British author Thomas Penn takes an extraordinary journey into the dark and chilling world of the first Tudor King, Henry VII. "King Henry VII" redirects here. Though this was not achieved during his reign, the marriage eventually led to the union of the English and Scottish crowns under Margaret's great-grandson, James VI and I, following the death of Henry's granddaughter Elizabeth I. [42], The capriciousness and lack of due process that indebted many would tarnish his legacy and were soon ended upon Henry VII's death, after a commission revealed widespread abuses. His biographer, Professor Chrimes, credits him even before he had become king with "a high degree of personal magnetism, ability to inspire confidence, and a growing reputation for shrewd decisiveness". He made huge gobs of money binding his subjects to him with loyalty bonds. Bacon wanted the future Charles I to learn from Henry's reign, but the financial methods that would provoke fatal opposition to Charles look pale beside the exactions levied by Henry from often innocent subjects, who were denied legal process or threatened with trumped-up prosecutions and had to buy their freedom (though at moments of apparently impending death the king would repent of his methods and have the jails cleared and pardons issued). Henry Tudors claim to the throne was, therefore, weak and of no importance until the deaths in 1471 of Henry VIs only son, Edward, of his own two remaining kinsmen of the Beaufort line, and of Henry VI himself, which suddenly made Henry Tudor the sole surviving male with any ancestral claim to the house of Lancaster. The father's government was an exercise in discoloration. [13] When the Yorkist Edward IV regained the throne in 1471, Henry fled with other Lancastrians to Brittany. [41] Henry also increased wealth by acquiring land through the act of resumption of 1486 which had been delayed as he focused on defence of the Church, his person and his realm. These laws were used shrewdly in levying fines upon those that he perceived as threats. From 1527 Henry pursued what became known as "the King's great matter": his divorce from Catherine. Anne Boleyn | Biography, Children, Portrait, Death, & Facts - Britannica What are the differences between Henry VII and Henry VIII? Thomas Penn's Winter King is not really a biography of Henry VII, and more a study of what he was directing his government to do in his name. [citation needed] Henry also formed an alliance with Holy Roman Emperor Maximilian I (14931519) and persuaded Pope Innocent VIII to issue a papal bull of excommunication against all pretenders to Henry's throne. Here was a young man who enjoyed jousting, who enjoyed chatting with the other knights in the tiltyard and with people of low degree. To strengthen his position, however, he subsidised shipbuilding, so strengthening the navy (he commissioned Europe's first ever and the world's oldest surviving dry dock at Portsmouth in 1495) and improving trading opportunities. When the Lancastrian cause crashed to disaster at the Battle of Tewkesbury (May 1471), Jasper took the boy out of the country and sought refuge in the duchy of Brittany. [75], Henry VII died of tuberculosis at Richmond Palace on 21 April 1509 and was buried in the chapel he commissioned in Westminster Abbey next to his wife, Elizabeth. How like a winter hath my absence been From thee, the pleasure of the fleeting year! They overrode all the usual legal processed and acted with complete impunity. One of the councils prominent members was Edmund Dudley, a man who helped Henry by enforcing the Kings legal rights, finding old laws to use against people and stretching the law to its limits.
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